Deposit number | Country | Location | Names | Commodities |
570 | Kazakhstan (Qostanay) | 53.11.00 N -- 063.05.00 E | Sarbai; Sarbay | Fe; Cu; P |
Database name: | World Fe-oxide+/-Cu-Au-U (IOCG) deposits | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Compilers: | Sunil S. Gandhi | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Release date: | 2015-03-04 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deposit name(s): | Sarbai; Sarbay | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Political location(s): | Kazakhstan; Province or state: Qostanay; Nearest community: Akaterinburg, Russia (600 km 150°) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deposit clan (type): | Kiruna-type? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deposit (sub) types: | stratabound tabular and lensoid bodies; three main ore lenses each 1000 to 1700 m x 800 to 1700 m x 170 to 185 m; cores averaging 50% Fe, remainder 20 to 50 % Fe; sulphides concentrated in footwall of the magnetite bodies; Reference: Sokolov, G. A.; Grigor'ev, V. M., 1977: Deposits of Iron; in Ore Deposits of the USSR, Volume 1, Edited by Smirnov, V. I., Academy of Science, the Union Soviet Socialist Republics, Pitman Publishing Ltd., Pitman House, 39 Parker Street, London WC2B 5PB, U. K., 352 p, p. 7 - 113 replacement; ore lenses replace limestones, calcareous tuffs, tuffites; bedding preserved; 'exoskarn' near west contact of dioritic Sarbai pluton; regional pervasive scapolitization; albitization around ore bodies; Reference: Herrington, R.; Smith, M.; Maslennikov, V.; Belogub, E.; Armstrong, R., 2002: A Short Review of Paleozoic Hydrothermal Magnetite Iron-Oxide Deposits of the South and Central Urals, and their Geological Setting; Section Eurasia and Africa, in Hydrothermal Iron Oxide Copper-Gold and Related Deposits: A Global Perspective, Volume 2, Edited by Porter, T. M., Australian Mineral Foundation, Adelaide, Australia, PGC Publishing, Adelaide, 377 p, p. 343 - 354 syngenetic, metamorphosed?; initial stratiform character, later modified by deformation and intrusive activity; deposition of iron with chemogenic-organogenic sediments in distal or intermediate volcanic environment ; Reference: Belevtsev, Ya. N.; Bukharev, V. P.; Naumenko, V. V.; Goncharuk, A. F.; Popov, B. A.; Stepanov, V. A.; Usenko, A. I., 1982: Volcanogenic Origin for Magnetite Ores of the Urals; International Geology Review, Volume 24, p. 1405 - 1416 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deposit status: | producer; Size category: 1 billion tonnes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Geologic province: | Uralian Orogen | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Geologic subprovince: | Valerianovsky Belt / Ural-Tobol Zone | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Geologic district: | Turgai | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deposit object located: | mine site | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commodities: | Fe; Cu; P | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mineralization styles: | massive magnetite lenses; replacement of calcareous beds | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Geological ages: | Early Carboniferous (host rocks) Early Carboniferous (mineralization) Early Carboniferous (related magmatics) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tectonic setting: | continental marginal rift-graben; divergent; Formal name: Valerianov Belt / Ural-Tobol Zone (host rocks) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Coincident features: | intrusive contact (ore bodies in a carbonate-tuff unit, 25 to 150 m away from the intrusive contact east of them); Coincident feature name: Sarbai dioritic intrusion bedding in host strata (replacement of interbedded tuffs and carbonates; layered ore passes laterally into unaltered host units); Coincident feature name: Valerianov Group folding (deposit on western limb of an anticline; pre-, syn- and post-ore structures localized intrusions and ore); Coincident feature name: Sarbai-Sokolovsk anticline | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Regional tectonic structure: | NNE-trending fault-bounded Early Carboniferous volcano-sedimentary assemblage (post-collisional rift-related basin, trending NNE and bounded by the Livonovsk and Anapovsk faults to the west and east, respectively) Tectonic structure name: Valerianov Trend carbonates deposited in the host volcano-sedimentary assemblage (faourable calcareous host beds; reactive with the mineralizing fluids) Tectonic structure name: Valerianov Group sediments NNE-trending folds in the Valerianov Group (deposit on western limb of an anticline; pre-, syn- and post-ore structures localized intrusions and ore) Tectonic structure name: Valerianov Trend | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Host rocks: | (1) sedimentary; carbonate-sandstone (interbedded with mafic volcanics); Depositional setting: ensialic rift; Metamorphic grade: greenschist; Component: subzone of deposits
(2) volcanic; intermediate volcanic rocks
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Related igneous rocks: | (1) intrusive; gabbro-diorite suite (related to volcanics in the host sequence); Initials: Sarbai Dioritic Intrusion; Magma series: subalkaline; Depositional setting: continental
(2) intrusive; gabbro-diorite suite (diorite-porphyrite dykes); Initials: Dioritic dykes; Magma series: subalkaline; Depositional setting: continental
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Country rocks: | (1) intermediate volcanics; (interbedded sediments; related intrusions); Country rock name: Valerianov Group; Metamorphic grade: greenschist
(2) granite suite; (gabbro-diorite-granodiorite ); Country rock name: Valerianov volcano-plutonic assemblage; Metamorphic grade: greenschist-amphibolite
(3) mafic-intermediate volcanics; (intercalated tuffs, carbonates); Country rock name: Valerianov Group; Metamorphic grade: greenschist-amphibolite
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Metallogenic signatures: | Fe-P-Cu | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Alteration signatures: | potassic alteration: potash feldspar and biotite; What was altered: feldspar and mafic silicates albitization: albite; What was altered: feldspars skarn: garnet and diopside in upper or western ore zone; What was altered: calcareous rocks scapolitization: scapolite, pyroxene; What was altered: feldspar epidotization: epidote with actinolite in the upper or western or; What was altered: mafic silicates | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mineralogy: | (gangue): scapolite (marialite), pyroxene, garnet, wollastonite, albite, epidote, actinolite, apatite, calcite, quartz (mineralization): magnetite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deposit shape: | zone of stacked tabular bodies and lenses
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Qualified comments: | (Applies to: discovery and development) Discovery in 1949 by geophysical surveys beneath flat-lying Mesozoic-Cenozoic cover strata 40-180 m thick; reserves in 1970: 725 Mt averaging 45.6% Fe, 4.05% S and 0.13% P; open pit mining since 1960. Massive magnetite ore 34 %, disseminated magnetite ore 62 %, sulphidic ore 3 % and oxidized ore 1 %; sulphidic ore contains 0.12 % Cu, 0.061 % Zn and 0.013 % Pb; only iron recovered from the ore. Southern Sarbai deposit, located 300 m south of the main ore bodies, had reserves of 120 Mt averaging 43.75 % Fe; underground mining commenced in 1971. (Applies to: regional geology) The region comprises a NNE trending fault-bounded linear corridor of Tournasian to Namurian volcano-sedimentary rocks developed between large sedimentary basins. The Carboniferous units in the corridor are entirely covered by Mesozoic to Cainozoisediments which are sub-horizontal ranging from 40 to 180m thick. The magnetite bodies were discovered by airborne and ground geophysics in the 1940s, a magnetic compasses being reportedly deflected when the area was overflown. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
References: |
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