Database name: |
World Fe-oxide+/-Cu-Au-U (IOCG) deposits |
Compilers: |
Sunil S. Gandhi |
Release date: |
2015-03-04 |
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Deposit name(s): |
Candelaria |
Political location(s): |
Chile; Province or state: Northern Chile; Nearest community: La Serena (295 km NNE) |
Deposit clan (type): |
Olympic Dam-type |
Deposit (sub) types: |
volcanic-hosted; hosted mainly by gently folded andesitic volcanic rocks of the Punta del Cobre Formation, and located near northwest trending brittle faults; mineralization coeval with nearby Cretaceous intrusives. |
Deposit status: |
producer; Size category: 470 Mt |
Geologic province: |
Chilean Coastal Cordillera |
Geologic subprovince: |
Cretaceous Iron Belt |
Geologic district: |
Punta del Cobre |
Deposit object located: |
surface mineralization |
Commodities: |
Cu; Ag; Au; Fe |
Geological ages: |
Late Aptian - Early Albian (mineralization) |
Tectonic setting: |
continental arc-fore-arc; transpressive; Formal name: Candelaria shear zone (mineralization) |
Radiometric ages: |
Object dated: Alteration Signature; Age - Ma: 115.14; +0.18; -0.18; Dating method: Ar-Ar; Concentrate: biotite; Source rock: sulphide ore; Event dated: alteration (hypogene); Interpretive comment: green hydrothermal biotite associated with chalcopyrite-pyrite in ore provides age of mineralization; Reference: Marschik, R.; Fontboté, L., 2001: The Candelaria-Punta del Cobre Iron Oxide Cu-Au(-Zn-Ag) Deposits, Chile; Economic Geology, Volume 96, p. 1799 - 1826
Object dated: Alteration Signature; Age - Ma: 116; +1.2; -1.2; Dating method: Ar-Ar; Concentrate: amphibole; Source rock: sulphide ore; Event dated: alteration (hypogene); Interpretive comment: amphibole intergrown with chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite is, though less precise, close to other dates; Reference: Marschik, R.; Fontboté, L., 2001: The Candelaria-Punta del Cobre Iron Oxide Cu-Au(-Zn-Ag) Deposits, Chile; Economic Geology, Volume 96, p. 1799 - 1826
Object dated: Alteration Signature; Age - Ma: 116.51; +0.26; -0.26; Dating method: Ar-Ar; Concentrate: biotite; Source rock: metamorphosed tuff; Formal name: Trinidad Siltstone; Event dated: mineralization (hypogene); Interpretive comment: barren biotite-almandine+/-cordierite alteration in tuff is somewhat older than 2 other Ar/A dates; Reference: Marschik, R.; Fontboté, L., 2001: The Candelaria-Punta del Cobre Iron Oxide Cu-Au(-Zn-Ag) Deposits, Chile; Economic Geology, Volume 96, p. 1799 - 1826
Object dated: Alteration Signature; Age - Ma: 114.2; +0.8; -0.8; Dating method: Ar-Ar; Concentrate: biotite; Source rock: barren alteration zone; Event dated: alteration (hypogene); Interpretive comment: this date from barren biotite-quartz-magnetite alteration agree with that on biotite from ore zone; Reference: Ullrich, T. D.; Clark, A. H., 1999: The Candelaria Copper-Gold Deposit, Region III, Chile: Paragenesis, Geochronology and Fluid Composition; Section Ore Mineralogy and Paragenesis, in Mineral Deposits: Process to Processing (Volumes 1 and 2), Edited by Stanley, C. J., 5th Biennial SGA Meeting and 10th Quadrennial IAGOD Symposium/London/United Kingdom/22-25 Aug 1999, SGA and International Association for Genesis of Ore Deposits, A. A. Balkema/Rotterdam/Brrokfield/1999, 1475 p, p. 201 - 204
Object dated: Alteration Signature; Age - Ma: 111.7; +0.8; -0.8; Dating method: Ar-Ar; Concentrate: amphibole; Source rock: sulphide ore; Event dated: alteration (hypogene); Interpretive comment: this amphibole age is significantly younger that the amphibole age reported in rank 2; Reference: Ullrich, T. D.; Clark, A. H., 1999: The Candelaria Copper-Gold Deposit, Region III, Chile: Paragenesis, Geochronology and Fluid Composition; Section Ore Mineralogy and Paragenesis, in Mineral Deposits: Process to Processing (Volumes 1 and 2), Edited by Stanley, C. J., 5th Biennial SGA Meeting and 10th Quadrennial IAGOD Symposium/London/United Kingdom/22-25 Aug 1999, SGA and International Association for Genesis of Ore Deposits, A. A. Balkema/Rotterdam/Brrokfield/1999, 1475 p, p. 201 - 204
Dating method: Re-Os; Concentrate: molybdenite; Event dated: mineralization; Interpretive comment: to be published in Econ. Geol. soon; Reference: Mathur, R. D.; Marschik, R.; Ruiz, J.; Munizaga, F.; Leveille, R. A.; Martin, W., 2002: Age of Mineralization of the Candelaria Iron Oxide Cu-Au Deposit, and the Origin of the Chilean Iron Belt based on Re-Os Isotopes; Economic Geology, Volume 97 |
References: |
Barton, M. D.; Johnson, D. A., 1996 |
Evaporitic-Source Model for Igneous-Related Fe Oxide-(REE-Cu-Au-U) Mineralization |
Geology, Volume 24, p. 259 - 262 |
Jenkins, R. A.; Leveille, R. A.; Martin, W., 1998 |
Discovery and Geology of the Candelaria Deposit, Chile |
in Pathways '98: Exploration Methods '98 - Pathways to Discovery, Edited by Walton, G.; Jambor, J., Extended Abstracts Volume: 15th Annual Cordilleran Roundup, British Columbia and Yukon Chamber of Mines and Society of Economic Geologists Inc., 248 p, p. 78 - 79 |
Marschik, R., 1996 |
Cretaceous Cu(-Fe) Mineralization in the Punta Del Cobre Belt, Northern Chile |
Ph. D. thesis, University of Geneva, Switzerland, 200 p. |
Marschik, R.; Fontboté, L., 2001 |
The Candelaria-Punta del Cobre Iron Oxide Cu-Au(-Zn-Ag) Deposits, Chile |
Economic Geology, Volume 96, p. 1799 - 1826 |
Marschik, R.; Chiaradia, M.; Fontboté, L., 2003 |
Implications of Pb Isotope Signatures of Rocks and Iron oxide Cu-Au Ores in the Candelaria-Punta del Cobre District, Chile |
Mineralium Deposita, Volume 38, p. 900 - 912 |
Mathur, R. D.; Marschik, R.; Ruiz, J.; Munizaga, F.; Leveille, R. A.; Martin, W., 2002 |
Age of Mineralization of the Candelaria Iron Oxide Cu-Au Deposit, and the Origin of the Chilean Iron Belt based on Re-Os Isotopes |
Economic Geology, Volume 97 |
Segerstrom, K., 1967 |
Geology and Ore Deposits of Central Atacama Province, Chile |
Geological Society of America Bulletin, Volume 78, p. 305 - 318 |
Sillitoe, 2003 |
Iron Oxide-Copper-Gold Deposits: An Andean View |
Mineralium Deposita, Volume 38, p. 787 - 812 |
Ullrich, T. D.; Clark, A. H., 1999 |
The Candelaria Copper-Gold Deposit, Region III, Chile: Paragenesis, Geochronology and Fluid Composition |
Section Ore Mineralogy and Paragenesis, in Mineral Deposits: Process to Processing (Volumes 1 and 2), Edited by Stanley, C. J., 5th Biennial SGA Meeting and 10th Quadrennial IAGOD Symposium/London/United Kingdom/22-25 Aug 1999, SGA and International Association for Genesis of Ore Deposits, A. A. Balkema/Rotterdam/Brrokfield/1999, 1475 p, p. 201 - 204 |
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Resource data: |
Disclaimer - Reserves/Resource Data
Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, represented by the Minister of Natural Resources (NRCan) does not warrant or guarantee the accuracy, completeness or fitness for any purpose of Reserve and Resource information (Data) contained in this database, including whether the Data is compliant with any securities regulations or standards, and NRCan does not assume any liability with respect to any damage or loss incurred as a result of the use made of the Data.
Resource and reserve figures are historical in nature. The Data source provided with each set of figures should be cited if the Data are re-reported. |
Estimate date: 2000; 470 million metric tons ore; Combined with production?: no; Provisional entry?: yes; Resource category: reserveGrade-commodity information: | Cu: 0.95 percent Au: 0.22 grams/metric ton Ag: 3.1 grams/metric ton | Reference: Marschik, R.; Leveille, R. A.; Martin, W., 2000: La Candelaria and the Punta del Cobre District, Chile: Early Cretaceous Iron-Oxide Cu-Au (-Zn-Ag) Mineralization; Section The Americas, in Hydrothermal Iron Oxide Copper-Gold and Related Deposits: A Global Perspective, Volume 1, Edited by Porter, T. M., Australian Mineral Foundation, Adelaide, Australia, PGC Publishing, Adelaide, 349 p, p. 163 - 176 Percent weights allocated to deposit: 100.0% |