CANADA LAND USE MONITORING PROGRAM FRUITLANDS LEVEL-II UTM DIGITAL DATA ANNAPOLIS VALLEY,NOVA SCOTIA 1. Coverage Specifications Original Map Scale: 1:50,000 Resolution : .000061035 of a degree Map Projection : Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 20 Datum : NAD27 Spheroid : Clarke 1866 Units of Measure : meters 2. CLUMP Fruitlands Level II UTM Digital Data These Canada Land Use Monitoring Program fruitlands data are the result of multiple land use overlays, horizontal integration across map sheets, and vertical integration with a corresponding shoreline and with CLI Land Capabilty for Agriculture. CLUMP Fruitlands digital data ares only distributed as a Level II UTM product, i.e. there is no equivalent data in latitude/longitude coordinates without the embedded shoreline. Notes on the Update Methodology: 1) 1961 was the base year for the Annapolis Valley fruitlands study. The land activity/land cover mapping was very detailed and utilized the original 8-character mapping codes (see Section 4 below). The detailed coding for 1961 has been preserved as a historical account of the land activity/land cover in 1961. 2) The update for 1971 and subsequently for 1981 utiized a complex GIS update procedure which re-mapped only the areas that had undergone change over the 10-year period. The coding for these transactions was aslo based on an 8-charcater code but in many case the last two digits of the land activity and/or land cover code were not specified. There was also a lot of confusion between some of the agricultural acitivity codes and the A110 (Annual Tillage Crops) and A120 (Forage Crops and Grazing) codes were often interchanged. One important exception to the above is for Tree Fruit Production (Code A131-Orchards); this category was not confused and well preserved in the update transactions. 3) For the reasons noted above the 8-character code was dropped after 1961 and replaced with the more generalized 4-character land activity/land cover code (see Sections 6 and 7 below, and Section 5 for the relationship between the long 8-character code and the short 4-character code). 4) For comparison between update cycles, the 1961 code has also been reduced to a 4-character code. As an additional aid to the analysis of land use change, the change in land activity and land cover between 1961 and 1981 have been extracted from the annual short 4-character codes. The change in activity is a concatenation of the first two characters of the 1961 short code and the first two characters of the 1981 code. Likewise the change in cover is a concatenation of the last two charcaters of the 1961 short code and the last two characters of the 1981 code. 3. Attribute Schema (Polygon Attribute Table - PAT.DBF) a) Standard ArcInfo Polygon Attribute Table (PAT) variables: AREA Num 13,6 Area, in square meters PERIMETER Num 13,6 Perimeter, in meters COVER_# Num 11,0 Standard ArcInfo Polygon Number COVER_ID Num 11,0 Standard ArcInfo User ID b) Digital Data Classification: LCODE61_1 Char 8 Primary Long Land Activity/Cover Code-1961 LCODE61_2 Char 8 Secondary Long Land Activity/Cover Code-1961 SCODE61 Char 4 Short Land Activity/Cover Code-1961 SCODE71 Char 4 Short Land Activity/Cover Code-1971 SCODE81 Char 4 Short Land Activity/Cover Code-1981 ACTCHG6181 Char 4 Change of Activity Code between 1961 and 1981 COVCHG6181 Char 4 Change of Cover Code between 1961 and 1981 CLASS_A Char 1 CLI Land Capability for Agriculture Rating SUBCLAS_A1 Char 1 Primary Limitation factor for agriculture SUBCLAS-A2 Char 1 Secondary Limitation factor for agriculture Notes: 1) In the Long (1961) notation, the first 4 characters of the Land Activity/Cover code represents the land activity; the last 4 characters represent the land cover. Some polygons may contain two activity and/or two cover codes; the first land activity/cover code is dominant. 2) In the Short notation, the first 2 characters of the Land Activity/Cover code represents the land activity; the last 2 characters represent the land cover. There is no secondary land activity/cover code in this abbreviated coding. 4. Valid CLUMP Land Activity/Land Cover Long Codes - 1961 Notation A000 AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES A100 Productive-Land Agricultural Activities A110 Growing Annual Tillage Crops A111 Growing Grain A112 Growing Vegetables A113 Growing Root Crops and Tubers A114 Growing Seed Crops A115 Growing Leaf Crops A116 Growing Flowers and Bulbs A119 Other A120 Growing Forage Crops and Grazing A121 Growing Forage Crops A122 Grazing A130 Fruit and Berry Production A131 Tree Fruit Production (Orchards) A132 Grape Production (Vineyards) A133 Berry Production A140 Growing Ornamental Shrubs and Trees A150 Sod Production A190 Other A200 Agricultural Site Activities A210 Housing Animals A211 Housing Livestock A212 Housing Poultry A213 Housing Fur-Bearing Animals A219 Other A220 Outside Animal Feeding and Holding Areas A221 Livestock Feeding and Holding Areas A222 Poultry Feeding and Holding Areas A223 Horse Holding and Training Area {Non-commercial) A229 Other A230 Storing Crops A231 Storing Forage and Grain A232 Storing Fruit and Vegetables A240 Growing Plants in Green Houses A241 Growing Vegetables A242 Growing Flowers and Ornamentals A243 Starting Tobacco Plants A249 Other A250 Storing and Repairing Agricultural Machinery and Tools A260 Tobacco Curing and Packing A261 Tobacco Curing A262 Tobacco Packing A270 Mushroom Growing A280 Bee Keeping and Honey Making A290 Other F000 FORESTRY ACTIVITIES F100 Productive - Land Forestry Activities F110 Logging and Cutting of Trees F111 Pulpwood Logging F112 Cutting Sawtimber F113 Cutting for Fuel F119 Other F120 Gathering Treeseed and Raising Seedlings F121 Gathering Treeseed F122 Raising Seedlings F130 Forestry Research F140 Tapping of Maple Trees (Sugar Bush) F150 Growing Christmas Trees F160 Holly Production F190 Other F200 Site Forestry Activities F210 Site Activities Related to Logging and Cutting F211 Managing F212 Feeding of Personnel F213 Storing of Cut Trees F214 Storing of Tools and Equipment F215 Preparing Cut Trees for Transport F219 Other F220 Managing and Preserving Forest Site Activities F221 Watching for Fires F222 Researching F223 Managing and Dwelling F224 Storing Equipment and Tools F229 Other F230 Maple Syrup Making F290 Other G000 WILDLIFE RELATED ACTIVITIES G100 Productive-Land Wildlife Activities G110 Hunting G111 Sport Hunting G112 Food Hunting G119 Other G120 Trapping G121 Fur Trapping G122 Food Trapping G129 Other G130 Preserving Wildlife G131 Preserving Wildlife by Providing Critical Habitat G132 Preserving Wildlife by Providing Protected Breeding and Birthing Areas G140 Commercial Fishing Lakes G190 Other G200 Wildlife-Related Site Activities G210 Land-Animal Related Site Activities G211 Camping for Hunting and Trapping G212 Breeding Wildlife G213 Managing G219 Other G220 Fishing-Related Site Activities G221 Fishing G222 Raising Fish for Transplant G223 Aiding Fish Migration G229 Other G290 Other E000 EXTRACTION ACTIVITIES E100 Surface Extraction E110 Extraction of Rock or Consolidated Material E111 Quarrying Stone and Other Building Materials E112 Quarrying Industrial Minerals E113 Mining Iron Ore E114 Mining Non-Ferrous Metals E115 Coal Mining E119 Other E120 Extraction of Sand, Gravel, and Clay E121 Building Material Extraction E122 Tar Sand Extraction E123 Industrial Minerals and Materials Extraction E129 Other E130 Peat Extraction E140 Top Soil Removal E190 Other E200 Underground Extraction E210 Extraction of Oil and Gas E211 Extraction of Oil (Oil Field) E212 Extraction of Gas (Gas Field) E213 Extraction of Oil and Gas (Both) E220 Extraction of Water E230 Mining Coal, Radioactive Ores, and Other Solid Fuels E231 Mining Coal E232 Mining Radioactive Ores E239 Other E240 Mining Minerals for Building Materials E250 Mining Iron Ore E260 Mining Potash and Salts E261 Mining Potash E262 Mining Salts E270 Mining Non-Ferrous Metal Ores E271 Mining Base Metal Ores E272 Mining Precious Metal Ores E279 Other E280 Mining Industrial Materials E281 Mining Asbestos Ore E282 Mining Mineral and Industrial Chemical Ores E289 Other E290 Other E300 Extraction Site Activities E310 Pumping E311 Pumping Gas E312 Pumping Oil E313 Pumping Water E314 Pumping Salt Brines E315 Pumping Potash Brines E319 Other E320 Transporting and Holdings of Wastes and Tailings E321 Transporting Waste and Tailings E322 Holding Waste and Tailings E330 Handling of Extracted Material E331 Moving E332 Crushing E333 Washing E339 Other E340 Placer Mining E341 Placer Gold E349 Other E390 Other R000 RECREATION ACTIVITIES R100 Land Dependent Recreational Activities R110 Golfing and Associated Activities R111 Golfing R112 Associated Activities R120 Skiing and Associated Activities R121 Down Hill Skiing R122 Cross-Country Skiing R123 Associated Activities R130 Trail Using Activities R131 Cycling R132 Snowmobiling R133 Walking R134 Horseback Riding R135 Associated Activities R139 Other R140 Viewing of Nature, Historical, and Archaeological Sites R142 Viewing Natural Sites R143 Viewing Historic Sites R144 Associated Activities R150 Land Activities Related to Water R151 Swimming Activities R152 Boating and Canoeing Related Shore Activities R153 Associated Activities R159 Other R160 Recreational Hunting and Fishing R161 Hunting and Fishing Camps R169 Other R170 Recreational Open Space R190 Other R200 Indoor and Outdoor Recreational and Cultural Site Activities R210 Outdoor Recreational and Cultural Site Activities R212 Viewing of Animals (Zoo and Game Farms) R213 Visiting of Botanical Gardens, Arboretums, and similar Displays R214 Outdoor Public Assembly for Entertainment R215 Sport Activities R216 Picnicking R219 Other R220 Indoor Recreational and Cultural Activities R221 Indoor Cultural Activities R222 Indoor Sport and Fitness Activities R229 Other D000 DWELLING ACTIVITIES D100 Housekeeping Activities D110 Permanent Housekeeping D111 Homes D112 Apartments D113 Rooming D120 Seasonal Housekeeping D121 Cottaging D122 Camping and Trailer Parking D129 Other D200 Other Dwelling Activities D210 Non-Housekeeping Dwelling on a Permanent Basis D211 Group Dwelling for Senior Citizens and Orphans D212 Dwelling in Residence Halls and Dormitories D219 Other D220 Dwelling in Hotels, Motels, and Lodges D290 Other H000 TRANSPORTATION & COMMUNICATION ACTIVITIES H100 Transporting Activities H110 Transporting by Roads H111 Transporting by Expressways (Limited Access) H112 Provincial Highways H113 Lower Order Rural Roads H114 Urban Roads and Streets H115 Other Roads H116 Associated Building and Maintaining H117 Bus Terminals H118 Parking H119 Other H120 Transporting by Rail H121 Transporting by Rail H122 Activities Associated with Maintaining and Building Rail Lines H123 Rail Terminals H124 Switching and Storing of Transportation Equipment H129 Other H130 Transporting by Air H131 Landing and Taking off (Runways) International H132 Landing and Taking off (Runways) Domestic H133 Landing and Taking off (Both) H134 Other Landing and Taking off H135 Guiding Airplanes H136 Storing Runway Maintenance Equipment H137 Air Terminals H138 Aircraft Maintenance H139 Other H140 Transporting by Water H141 Portaging H142 Travelling by Canal H143 Related Activities H144 Docks and Wharfs H149 Other H150 Transporting by Pipeline H151 Transporting Gas H152 Transporting Oil H153 Transporting Water H160 Transporting of Electricity H161 Transmission Lines and Towers H162 Switching and Boosting Power H163 Related Activities H190 Other H200 Communication Activities H210 Telegraphing H220 Telephoning H230 Broadcasting H240 Postal Service Terminal Activities H290 Other M000 MANUFACTURING AND STORING ACTIVITIES M100 Electric Energy and Heat Generation M110 Energy Conversion from the Wind M120 Energy Conversion from the Sun M130 Energy Conversion from Water M140 Energy Conversion from Fossil Fuels M150 Energy Conversion from Atomic Fission M190 Other M200 Raw Material Processing M210 Purifying Water M220 Processing Food and Tobacco M230 Processing Natural Fibre, Felt, and Leather M240 Processing Rock, Stone, Clay, Sand, and Gravel M250 Processing Ores and Metals M260 Processing Coal and Refining Petroleum M270 Processing Chemicals M280 Processing Wood M290 Other M300 Processing Processed Goods M310 Making Processed Food and Tobacco Products M320 Making Textiles M330 Woodworking and Making Wood Products M340 Making Chemical Products M350 Printing and Publishing M360 Making Structural Materials M390 Other M400 Assembling Products M410 Making Clothes and other Textile Products M420 Making Building Components, Furniture, and Fixtures Predominately of Wood M430 Making Containers, Structural Components, Furniture, Fixtures and Fittings Predominately of Metal M440 Making Scientific Equipment and Precision Instruments M450 Making Machinery, Mechanical Equipment, and Hardware M460 Making General Equipment Including Household Appliances M470 Making and Assembling Automobiles, Aircraft, Rail and Marine Products M490 Other M500 Storage Activities M510 Storing in Reservoirs and Tanks M511 Storing Oil and Oil Products M512 Storing Gas and Gas Products M513 Storing Other Toxic and Volatile Liquids M514 Storing Water M519 Storing Other Liquids M520 Storing Vehicles M521 Storing of Cars and Trucks M522 Storing of Construction Vehicles and Equipment M523 Storing of Aircraft M529 Other M530 Warehousing M540 Storing in an Enclosed Structure other than Buildings or Tanks M550 Open Air Storage M590 Other M600 Treating and Disposal of Wastes M610 Treating and Disposal of Liquid Wastes M611 Treating and Disposal of General Domestic Sewage Wastes M612 Treating and Disposal of Industrial and Toxic Liquid Wastes M619 Other M620 Treating and Disposal of Gaseous Wastes M621 Treatment and Disposal of Toxic Gases M629 Other M630 Treating and Disposal of Solid Wastes M631 Treatment and Disposal of Domestic Solid Wastes M632 Treatment and Disposal of Toxic Solid Wastes M633 Treatment and Disposal of Motor Vehicles and other metal wastes M639 Other M640 Treatment and Disposal of Radioactive Wastes M900 Undifferentiated Manufacturing and Storage Activities C000 COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES C100 Wholesaling C110 Wholesaling of Farm Products, Foods Products and Tobacco C120 Wholesaling of Coal, Coke, and Petroleum Products C130 Wholesaling of Paper and Paper Products, Lumber, and Building Supplies and other Wood Products C140 Wholesaling of Motor Vehicles and Accessories C150 Wholesaling Apparel and Dry Goods C160 Wholesaling of Drugs and Toilet Preparations C170 Wholesaling of Machinery and Hardware, Plumbing, and Heating Equipment C180 Wholesaling of Metal and Metal Products C190 Other Wholesaling C200 Retailing C210 Food Retailing C220 Clothing, Shoes, and General Merchandise Retailing C230 Motor Vehicle and Related Products Retailing C240 Household Furniture and Appliance Retailing C250 Hardware and Building Supply Retailing C260 Drug Retailing C270 Book and Stationary Retailing C280 Flower, Jewelry, Watches, Alcoholic Beverage, and Tobacco Retailing C290 Other Retailing C300 Providing Commercial Services C310 Providing Financial, Insurance, and Real Estate Services C320 Providing Personal Services C330 Providing Repair and Rental Services C340 Providing Service to Business C350 Providing Professional Services C390 Other C900 Undifferentiated Commercial Activities J000 PROVIDING INSTITUTIONAL SERVICES J100 Providing Legislative, Judicial, and Legal Services J110 Governing J120 Providing Judicial Services J130 Providing Legal Services J190 Other J200 Providing Protective and Custodial Services J210 Policing and Guarding J220 Fire-fighting J230 Detaining J240 Providing National Defense J290 Other J300 Providing Education Services J310 Providing Primary and Secondary Education J320 Providing Post Secondary Education J390 Other J400 Providing Health, Medical, and Care Services J410 Providing Health and Medical Services J420 Providing Non-Medical Care Services J490 Other J500 Providing Welfare, Philanthropic, and Charitable Services J600 Religious and Associated Activities J610 Worshipping J620 Burying (Cemeteries) J690 Other J700 Providing a Place for Communication and Assembly J900 Undifferentiated Institutional Services P000 OTHER P100 Land for Research and Conservation P110 Land for Ecological Research P120 Land for Preservation and Conservation P121 Land for Controlling Erosion P122 Land for Conserving Water P190 Other P900 Other B000 UNUSED LAND-IDLE LAND B100 Former Agricultural Activities B200 Former Forestry Activities B300 Former Extraction Activities B400 Former Recreational Activities B500 Former Dwelling Activities B600 Former Transportation and Communications Activities B700 Former Manufacturing and Storage Activities B800 Former Commercial Activities B900 Former Institutional and Commercial Services N000 NO PERCEIVED ACTIVITY L000 LAND IN TRANSITION LAND COVER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM W000 WOODY VEGETATION W100 Mature Trees W110 Regular Spaced (Planted) W111 Fruit and Nut Trees W112 Other Deciduous Trees W113 Coniferous Trees W120 Irregular Spaced W121 Deciduous Trees W122 Coniferous Trees W200 Small Trees, Shrubs, Bushes and Dwarf Trees W210 Regular Spaced (Planted} W211 Small Trees and Dwarf Trees W212 Shrubs and Bushes W220 Irregular Spaced W221 Small Trees W222 Dwarf Trees W223 Shrubs and Bushes W300 Vines V000 GRASSES AND OTHER NON-WOODY PLANTS V100 Annually Cultivated Crops V110 Row Crops V111 Corn V112 Vegetables V113 Root Crops and Tubers V114 Beans and Peas V115 Sunflowers V117 Tobacco V118 Flowers and Bulbs V119 Other V120 Close Grown Crops V121 Wheat V122 Oats V123 Barley V124 Buckwheat V125 Millets V126 Mixed Grain V129 Other V190 Other V200 Grasses and/or Legumes, Sedges, and Reeds V210 Improved Grass and/or Legume Cover V211 Improved Grass V212 Legumes V213 Mixed V220 Unimproved Grassland, Reeds, and Sedges V221 Grasses with Very Few Weeds V222 Grasses and Many Weeds V223 Reeds and Grasses V229 Other V300 Mosses and/or Lichens V310 Mosses Dominant V320 Lichens Dominant V330 Mixed V400 Other Non-Woody Plants X000 DENUDED (BARE) SURFACES X100 Rock Surfaces X110 Natural X120 Man-Made X200 Unconsolidated Material Surfaces X210 Natural X220 Man-Made Y000 CONSTRUCTED COVER Y100 Structures Y110 Buildings Y120 Other Structures Y121 Solid or Enclosing Structures (Other than Buildings) Y122 Open Structures Y123 Other Y200 Surfaces Y210 Hard Surfaces Y220 Unconsolidated Surfaces Z000 WATER Z100 Permanent and Solid Z110 Snow Z120 Ice Z200 Liquid Z210 Streams, Rivers, and Canals Z211 Streams and Rivers Z212 Canals Z220 Ponds, Lakes, and Reservoirs Z221 Lakes and Ponds Z222 Reservoirs and Other Artificial Water Surfaces 5. Relationship between CLUMP Long and Short Codes Land Activity Classification System New Classification Equivalent Classification A1 Annual Tillage Crops, A11:, A0:, A10:, and A12: Forage and Grazing A2 Fruit, Berry and A13: Nut Production A3 Other Productive-Land A14: to A19: Agricultural Activities A4 Agricultural Site A2: Activities F1 Productive-Land F1: and F0 Forestry Activities F2 Site Forestry Activities F2: G1 Productive-Land Wildlife G1: and G0: and Fisheries Activities G2 Wildlife and Fisheries G2: Related Site Activities E0 Extraction Activities E: R1 Land Dependent R1: and R0: Recreational Activities R2 Indoor and Outdoor Recreational R2: and Cultural Site Activities D0 Dwelling Activities D: H0 Transportation and H: Communication Activities M1 Commercial, Manufacturing M0:, M1:, M2:, M3:, M4:, M5:, M9:, C: M2 Treating and Disposal of M6: Waste J0 Providing Institutional J: P0 Land for Ecological Research, P: Conservation, Flood Control and Drainage Activities B1 Former Agricultural Activities B1: and B0: B2 Former Forestry Activities B2: B3 Other Former Activities B3: to B9: N0 No Perceived Activities N: L0 Land in Transition L: 07 Urban Undifferentiated 0007 08 Unclassified 0008 Land Activity Classification System New Classification Equivalent Classification W1 Trees W1: W2 Shrubs, Bushes and Vines W2:, W3: V1 Row Crops V11: V2 Close Crown Crops V12:, V19:, V10: V3 Improved Grass, Legumes V21:, V20:, V0: V4 Unimproved Grass Lands, Reeds V22:, V3: and V4: Hedges, Mosses and Other Non-Woody Plants X0 Denuded Surfaces X: Y0 Constructed Cover Y: Z0 Water Z: 07 Urban Undifferentiated 0007 08 Unclassified 0008 6. Valid CLUMP Land Activity Short Codes A1 - Annual tillage crops, forage and grazing A2 - Fruit, berry and nut production A3 - Other productive land - agricultural A4 - Agricultural site activities B1 - Former agricultural activities B2 - Former forestry activities B3 - Other former activities D0 - Dwelling activities E0 - Extraction activities F1 - Productive land - forestry activities F2 - Forest site activities G1 - Wildlife and fisheries activities G2 - Wildlife and fisheries site activities H0 - Transportation and communication activities J0 - Institutional Services L0 - Land in transition M1 - Commercial, manufacturing M2 - Treating and disposal of wastes N0 - No perceived activities P0 - Ecological research, conservation, flood control and drainage activities R1 - Land dependent recreational activities R2 - Indoor and outdoor recreational and cultural site activities 07 - Undifferentiated urban 08 - Unclassified 09 - Outside study area 7. Valid CLUMP Land Cover Short Codes V1 - Row crops V2 - Close grown crops V3 - Improved grass and legumes V4 - Unimproved grassland, reeds, sedges, mosses and other non-woody plants W1 - Trees W2 - Shrubs, bushes and vines X0 - Denuded surfaces Y0 - Constructed cover Z0 - Water 07 - Undifferentiated urban 08 - Unclassified 09 - Outside study area 8. Valid CLI Agriculture Classes 1 . No Significant Limitations 2 . Moderate Limitations; moderate conservation practices required. 3 . Moderately Severe Limitations; range of crops restricted or special conservation practices required. 4 . Severe Limitations. 5 . Forage Crops - Improvement practices feasible 6 . Forage Crops - Improvement practices not feasible 7 . No Capability for arable culture or permanent pasture 0 . Organic Soils 8 . Unclassified areas; see note below W . Water Note: Unclassified areas (Class_A=8) make use of the Subclas_A1 field to indicate why the area was not classified, as follows: Class_A=8, Subclas_A1= BLANK - Unmapped Area Class_A=8, Subclas_A1= Z - Water Area Class_A=8, Subclas_A1= T - Forest Reserves Class_A=8, Subclas_A1= O - National Parks Class_A=8, Subclas_A1= B - Urban Areas Class_A=8, Subclas_A1= W - Provincial Parks Class_A=8, Subclas_A1= I - Irrigated Rating Only 9. Valid Limitation Subclasses C . Adverse climate D . Undesirable soil structure and/or low permeability E . Erosion F . Low fertility I . Inundation by streams or lakes M . Moisture limitation N . Salinity P . Stoniness R . Consolidated bedrock S . Cumulative adverse soil characteristics T . Topography limitation W . Excess water X . Cumulative minor adverse characteristics 10. Narrative Description of CLUMP Fruitlands Studies The Canada Land Use Monitoring Program (CLUMP) was a program of the Lands Directorate of Environment Canada established in 1978 to monitor land use change across the country. The program complimented the land capbility and land use surveys of the Canada Land Inventory (CLI), in most cases with a higher level of detail. The four major components of the CLUMP program were urban- centered regions, prime resource lands, rural areas and wetlands. The fruitlands data described in this collection are part of the prime resource lands component of the CLUMP program. The fruitlands component was coordinated nationally but undertaken through four regional officesof the Lands Directorate. Information on land use change was originally classified according to a land activity/land cover coding scheme designed specifically for the CLUMP program and applied at a scale of 1:50,000. The four major fruitland growing areas of Canada were mapped at this scale including the Annapolis Valley in Nova Scotia, the Eastern Townships in Quebec, the Niagara Peninsula in Ontario, and the Okanagan Valley in British Columbia. Interpretation consisted of mapping from aerial photographs, augmented with field checks and supplementary information sources such as municipal planning maps, street maps and satellite images. The CLUMP Prime Resources or Fruitlands program operated from 1961 to 1981 on a 10-year cyclical basis. The base-year inventory in 1961 was based on a very detailed 8-character land activity/land cover coding scheme, with multiple codes possible for each land unit. The coding shceme was later simplified to more generalized land activity/land cover classes, resulting in a 4-character coding scheme. The CLUMP program was abandoned in the late 80's with most of the data residing in the Canada Geographic Information System. Most of the original data have been recovered from the CGIS and the complex update methodology to derive proper 1971 and 1981 results has been repeated. As was the intent for the original fruitlands data, the recovery includes the horizontal integration on individual map sheets within one study area, the vertical integration of the multiple land use years, and a final vertical integration with CLI Land Capability for Agriculture. 11. CLUMP Land Activity Class Descriptions Land activity class: A1 Short description: Annual tillage crops, forage and grazing Detailed description: All agricultural activities that use land as a producing medium. The ability of the land to produce may be increased by various means such as fertilizing, irrigating, draining, seeding, etc. Exclusions: Land on which the activity is the production of fruit and berries; agricultural site activities. Land activity class: A2 Short description: Fruit, berry and nut production Detailed description: Land on which the activity is the production of fruit and berries. Includes active orchards, vineyards, bush berry and strawberry patches, and fields. Land activity class: A3 Short description: Other productive land - agricultural activities Detailed description: Includes land used for growing ornamental shrubs and trees, sod, and all land where the activities are related to the productive capability of the land and which are agricultural in nature. Following and plowed fields are included in this class where it is unknown what future use will be made of them. Exclusions: Does not include possible associated greenhouse part of a nursery operation. Land activity class: A4 Short description: Agricultural site activities Detailed description: Land occupied by agricultural activities such as animal shelter and feeding, outside animal holding areas, crop storage facilities, greenhouses, repairing agricultural machinery, tobacco curing an packing, mushroom growing, bee-keeping and honey-making, and farm waste storage. Land activity class: F1 Short description: Productive land - forestry activities Detailed description: Includes all forestry activities that use land as a producing medium. Includes land that is actively being cut and is designated for cutting, for producing new trees for transplant, and is being restocked for forestry uses. Includes land used for logging, gathering seed and raising seedlings, forestry research, maple sugar bushes, Christmas tree farms, and holly production. Exclusions: Does not include forested land on which only recreation and/or wildlife land activities occur. Also does not include land that has the potential for forestry and is not designated for those purposes. Also excludes forestry site activities (see F2) Land activity class: F2 Short description: Forestry site activities Detailed description: All forestry activities that use land as a site rather than a production medium. Lumber camps, forest management stations, fire towers, logging camps, and maple syrup making activities (aside from tapping) are included. Land activity class: G1 Short description: Wildlife and fisheries activities Detailed description: All activities related to wildlife where land is the wildlife production medium. This includes those wildlife activities where the wildlife resource is cropped for food and fur or is being protected. Activities include hunting, trapping, wildlife preserves/sanctuaries, and commercial fishing lakes. Exclusions: Wildlife and fisheries site activities (see G2) Land activity class: G2 Short description: Wildlife and fisheries site activities Detailed description: Includes wildlife related activities that use land as a site rather than as a production medium. Activities include hunting and trapping camps, breeding wildlife and managing, fish hatcheries and fish runs and ladders. Land activity class: E0 Short description: Extraction activities Detailed description: All activities related to the extraction of non-renewable resources (includes underground water). This includes all extraction activities that take place on the surface such as quarrying, open pit mining, strip mining, gravel/sand and clay pits, top soil removal, etc. Also includes all land under which the underground extraction of oil, gas, water, minerals, coal, etc. is taking place. Also includes the surface under which the underground extraction is taking place such as actively pumped oil and gas fields, and ore bodies being mined. Also include extraction site activities such as pumping stations, tailings areas, material handling (e.g.,crushing) and placer mining. Land activity class: R1 Short description: Land dependent recreational activities Detailed description: Includes all recreational activities (including cultural) that cover relatively large areas and usually are dependent on the natural capability of the land for that activity. Parks are included if their natural conditions are the source of recreation. Includes, golf courses, skiing, trail using activities, nature viewing, historical and archeological sites, areas associated with swimming and boating, hunting and fishing areas (e.g., trout farms) Land activity class: R2 Short description: Indoor and outdoor recreational and cultural site activities Detailed description: Includes all indoor and outdoor recreational, and cultural activities that occur on man-made sites and therefore are not dependant on the natural capability of the land for that activity. Outdoor activities include zoo, game farm, botanical garden, arboretum, amphitheater, drive-in theater, stadium, racetrack, fairground, amusement park, playing field, outdoor shooting, rifle range, bandshell, etc. Indoor activities include all indoor cultural, recreational, entertainment, and sports activities, The names of such areas, are legitimate theatre, motion picture theatre, auditorium, exhibition and exposition hall, art gallery, museum, planetarium, library, bowling ally, indoor skating, YMCA and YWCA, health spa, indoor swimming pool, pool and billiards, curling, gymnasium, etc. Land activity class: D0 Short description: Dwelling activities Detailed description: Dwelling is a site activity. It includes all land where dwelling occurs either as a permanent, as a temporary, or as a seasonal activity. Includes all land with the full range of housekeeping activities occur. Such activities are sleeping, cooking, cleaning & eating, etc. either on a permanent or seasonal basis. Includes land on which dwelling occurs but whose prime function is to provide shelter and sleeping areas. The occupants are not responsible for cooking and cleaning. Such places are hotels, dormitories, retirement homes, etc. Land activity class: H0 Short description: Transportation and communication activities Detailed description: This class includes all land where the activity is the transferring of goods, people and information from one place to another. It includes associated terminal or storage activities. Activities include transporting by road, rail, air, water (portage routes, canals, locks, dams), pipelines, transporting of electricity. Communication activities include telegraphing, telephone, broadcasting, and postal service terminal activities. Land activity class: M1 Short description: Commercial, manufacturing Detailed description: All land where physical conversion of materials take place through processing or combination with other materials so as to improve or to preserve its usefulness. Also includes all land used or occupied by facilities used for storing. Excludes agriculture site storage activities. Includes land activities associated with electric energy and heat generation, raw material processing, processing processed goods (e.g., wood, textile, chemical goods), assembling products, and storage activities. Also includes lands where commercial activities take place (wholesaling, retailing, and commercial services). Land activity class: M2 Short description: Treating & Disposal of Wastes Detailed description: Processing of waste into useful products or before it can be released into the environment. This includes the disposal of waste. Land activity class: J0 Short description: Institutional services Detailed description: Includes all land providing institutional services though government, private, or private enterprise. Activities include providing legislative, judicial, and legal service, providing protective and custodial services, providing educational services, providing health, medical, and care service, providing welfare, philanthropic, and charitable services, religious and associated activities, and providing a place for communication and assembly. Land activity class: P0 Short description: Ecological research, conservation, flood control, and drainage activities Detailed description: Land on which the activity or use of land is for ecological research, preservation of soil, or conservation of water. Land activity class: B1 Short description: Former agricultural activities Detailed description: Includes all land on which there is at present no activity taking place but on which there is perceived to have been activity in the past. The stress is on the fact that past activity must be evident either by abandoned or derelict buildings or structures or by other visible evidence. Land activity class: B2 Short description: Former forestry activities Detailed description: Includes all land on which there is at present no activity taking place but on which there is perceived to have been activity in the past. The stress is on the fact that past activity must be evident either by abandoned or derelict buildings or structures or by other visible evidence. Land activity class: B3 Short description: Other former activities Detailed description: Includes all land on which there is at present no activity taking place but on which there is perceived to have been activity in the past. The stress is on the fact that past activity must be evident either by abandoned or derelict buildings or structures or by other visible evidence. Land activity class: N0 Short description: No perceived activities Detailed description: Includes all land on which there is no perceived activity taking place by whatever data source is used in mapping. Also there should be no visible evidence of former activities. This does not mean that no activity is taking place on the land but by whatever means or combination of means is used to gather the data no activity is perceived to be taking place. Land activity class: L0 Short description: Land in transition Detailed description: Includes all land on which there is evidence that at some future date there may be a land use activity on the land. The stress here is on the "may" because the land cover or surface may be disturbed or changed by human activity in preparation or testing for the future activity but may not proceed to the future activity. An example is land being disturbed for future residential development but the process never proceeds to actual development due to economic or political reasons. Land activity class: 07 Short description: Undifferentiated urban Land activity class: 08 Short description: Unclassified Land activity class: 09 Short description: Outside study area 12. CLUMP Land Cover Class Descriptions Land cover class: W1 Short description: trees Detailed description: Includes all land on which mature trees are one of the dominant covers according to the above criteria. Most mature trees are usually 6-9 metres in height. Class includes plantation trees and natural trees. This class must form the dominant cover or at least 25% of a mapping unit with mixed cover. Land cover class: W2 Short description: Shrubs, bushes and vines Detailed description: Includes land occupied by small or immature trees, shrubs, bushes, dwarf trees are the dominant cover; or are one of the dominant covers with 25 percent or more crown cover. This vegetation cover is under the 6-9 metre height limit. Also includes all land whose dominant cover is vines. Land cover class: V1 Short description: Row crops Detailed description: Includes all land which is planted as row crops. Land which has crops planted in rows a distinguishable distance apart. Included are corn, vegetables, sugar beets, potatoes, most seed crops, tobacco, flowers and bulbs, etc. This land is tilled annually. Normally there is only one crop forming the land cover but there can be exceptions. Cropland planted to legumes and grasses are not included. Land that has been ploughed should not be included as this does not indicate at all times that annually cultivated crops will be grown. Land cover class: V2 Short description: Close grown crops Detailed description: Land that is covered by close grown crops but still has much bare soil between close rows. Included are all the small grains such as wheat, oats, barley, rye, buckwheat, millets, and mixed grains. This land is tilled annually. Normally there is only one crop forming the land cover but there can be exceptions. Cropland planted to legumes and grasses are not included. Land that has been ploughed should not be included, as this does not indicate at all times that annually cultivated crops will be grown Land cover class: V3 Short description: Improved grass and legumes Detailed description: Land that grows grasses and/or legumes. This includes land that produces grasses and legumes that are harvested mechanically; land that is planted in legumes and grasses and grazed by animals, but for only a few years and then used for cultivated crops; and permanent pasture which is tilled only to reestablish the grasses and legumes. This also includes large grass areas that are kept closely cut. Such cover occurs on turf or sod farms, lawns and special playing fields. Normally a large area has one uniform cover. Where the cover is mixed this class must occupy at least 25 percent of cover. Land cover class: V4 Short description: Unimproved grassland, reeds, sedges, mosses, and other non-woody plants. Detailed description: Includes all land dominated by grass, reeds, or sedges but not improved. These areas may be subjected to continuous disturbance such as mowing and grazing. Some grasslands are natural and will remain so. Others are the early stages of plant succession on abandoned farmland or former forested land. These will revert to forest cover if left undisturbed. Grass covered wetland and tundra areas are included. Land areas in this category may range from mostly grass cover to where grass forms only a part of the cover. Also includes mosses and/or lichens and other non-woody vegetation. Where the cover is mixed this class must occupy at least 25 percent of cover. Land cover class: X0 Short description: Denuded surfaces Detailed description: Includes land covered by bare surfaces that are naturally occurring or result from human activities. Includes Land covered by exposures of bedrock. These rock surfaces can be either naturally occurring or due to man's activities. Rock knobs, cliffs, and quarries are examples. Also includes land covered by unconsolidated material due to natural or man's activities. These materials may be clay, salt, sand, gravel, etc. Some examples are gravel pits, sand dunes, beaches, talus, topsoil removal. Land cover class: Y0 Short description: Constructed cover Detailed description: Land covered by constructed cover such as building structures and constructed surfaces, such as roads. These surfaces can also be unconsolidated constructed surfaces, though in some cases these may be compacted such as dirt and gravel roads, railway beds, etc. Exclusions: Does not include land where material is removed such as quarries, gravel pits, or topsoil. Land cover class: Z0 Short description: Water Detailed description: All surfaces that are covered by water either as a liquid or a solid. Includes land covered by ice and snow and surfaces covered with natural or human made bodies of water, including sewage lagoons. Exclusions: Ocean areas Land cover class: 07 Short description: Undifferentiated urban Land cover class: 08 Short description: Unclassified Land cover class: 09 Short description: Outside study area For further information see "Land Use Classification for Land Use Monitoring", David M. Gierman, 1981. 13. Narrative Description of CLI Agriculture Classification In this classification the mineral soils were grouped into 7 classes on the basis of soil survey information. Soils classed as 1,2,3 or 4 were considered capable of sustained use for cultivated field crops;those in classes 2 and 6 for perennial forage crops; those in class 7 for neither. Some of the important factors on which the classification was based are: The soils would be well managed and cropped, under a largely mechanized system. Land requiring improvements, including clearing, that could be made economically by the farmer himself, was classed according to its limitations or hazards in use after the improvements had been made. Land requiring improvements beyond the means of the farmer himself was classed according to its present condition at the time of the inventory. The following were not considered: distances to market, kind of roads,location,size of farms,type of ownership, cultural patterns, skill or resources of individual operators, and hazard of crop damage by storms. The classification did not include capability of soils for trees, tree fruits, small fruits, ornamental plants, recreation or wildlife. The classes were based on intensity, rather than kind, of their limitations for agriculture. Each class included many kinds of soil, and many of the soils in any class required unlike management and treatment. For provinces other than Saskatchewan, Alberta and British Columbia, only Class A to C fields are coded, with no distinction made between irrigated and non-irrigated land. In Saskatchewan and Alberta, land was again classified according to its use at the time of the inventory, but a further differentiation was provided for irrigated and non-irrigated land. If a land unit was entirely non-irrigated, the classification for this land was coded in Classes A to C. If a land unit was completely irrigated the classification for the land was coded in Classes D to F. If a land unit was comprised of both irrigated and non-irrigated land, then a complex classification was required to represent the area. The portion of the classification that applied to the non-irrigated area in the land unit was coded in classes A to C while the portion pertaining to the irrigated land was coded in Classes D to F. Up to three of the Classes A to F may have been coded for such land unit and the percentages add up to a total of 10. Land given a capability classification of 6 or 7 did not warrant irrigation since the benefits derived from irrigation would have been negligible. For this reason, capability classes 6 and 7 always appeared in the non-irrigated portion (classes A to C) of a land unit classification. On the Canada Land Inventory paper maps, the symbols pertaining to an irrigated land area was printed in red. 14. CLI Agriculture Class Descriptions Class 1 Soils in this class have no significant limitations in use for crops. The soils are deep, are well to imperfectly drained, hold moisture well, and in the virgin state were well supplied with plant nutrients. They can be managed and cropped without difficulty. Under good management they are moderately high to high in productivity for a wide range of field crops. Class 2 Soils in this class have moderate limitations which restrict the range of crops or require moderate conservation practices. The soils are deep and hold moisture well. The limitations are moderate and the soils can be managed and cropped with little difficulty. Under good management they are moderately high to high in productivity for a fairly wide range of crops. Class 3 Soils in this class have moderately severe limitations which restrict the range of crops, or require special conservation practices. The limitations are more severe than for Class 2 soils. They affect one or more of the following practices: timing and ease of tillage, planting and harvesting, choice of crops, and method of conservation. Under good management they are fair to moderately high in productivity for a fair range of crops. Class 4 Soils in this class have severe limitations which restrict the range of crops, or require special conservation practices, or both. The limitations seriously affect one or more of the following practices: timing and ease of tillage, planting and harvesting, choice of crops, and method of conservation. The soils are low to fair in productivity for a fair range of crops but may have high productivity for a specially adapted crop. Class 5 Soils in this class have very severe limitations which restrict their capability to producing perennial forage crops, and improvement practices are feasible. The limitations are so severe that soils are not capable of use for sustained production of annual field crops. The soils are capable of producing native or tame species of perennial forage plants, and may be improved by use of farm machinery. The improvement practices may include clearing of bush, cultivation, seeding, fertilizing or water control. Class 6 Soils in this class are capable only of producing perennial forage crops, and improvement practices are not feasible.The soils provide some sustained grazing for farm animals, but the limitations are so severe that improvement by use of farm machinery is impractical, terrain may be unsuitable for use of farm machinery, the soils may not respond to improvement, or the grazing season may be very short. Class 7 Soils in this class have no capability for arable culture or permanent pasture. This class also includes rock land, other non-soil areas and bodies of water too small to show on maps at mapping scale. Class 0 Organic soils.(Not placed in capability classes). 15. CLI Subclass Descriptions 'C' Adverse climate - This subclass denotes a significant adverse climate for crop production as "median" climate which is defined as one with sufficiently high rowing-season temperatures to bring crops to maturity. 'D' Undesirable soil structure and/or low permeability This subclass indicates soils that are difficult to till or soils where water is absorbed very slowly or where the depth of rooting zone is restricted by conditions other than a high water table or consolidated bedrock. 'E' Erosion This subclass includes soils where damage from erosion is a limitation to agricultural use. Damage is assessed on loss of productivity and on the difficulties in farming with gullies. 'F' Low fertility - Included are soils having low fertility that either is correctable with careful management in the use of fertilizers and soil amendments, or is difficult to correct by any practical means. The limitations may be due to lack of plant nutrients, high acidity or alkalinity, low exchange capacity, high levels of carbonates or presence of toxic compounds. 'I' Inundation by streams or lakes - This subclass includes soils subjected to inundation causing crop damage or restricting agricultural use. 'M' Moisture Limitations - This consists of soils where crops are affected by drought owing to inherent soil characteristics. These soils usually have low water-holding capacity. 'N' Salinity - Soils of this subclass possess excessive soluble salts which adversely affect crop growth or restrict the range of crops that may be grown. 'P' Stoniness - These soils are sufficiently stony to hinder tillage, planting and harvesting operations. 'R' Consolidated bedrock - This subclass includes soils where the presence of bedrock near the surface restricts their agricultural use. Consolidated bedrock at depths greater than 3 feet from the surface is not considered as a limitation except on irrigated lands where a greater depth of soil is desirable. 'S' There are two interpretations accorded to subclass S. In the case of maps generally produced before 1969, subclass S will be used in place of subclasses D,F,M or N. If two or more of subclasses D,F,M or N are applicable to the same area, then again subclass S will be substituted. On most of the maps subsequent to 1969, the applicable subclass D,F,M or N will appear if an area is classified with a single subclass. For areas classified with two or more of D,F,M or N then subclass S will appear, denoting a combination of subclasses. 'T' Topography = This subclass is made up of soils where topography is a limitation. Both the percent of slope and the pattern or frequency of slopes in different directions affect the cost of farming and the uniformity of growth and maturity of crops as well as the hazard of erosion. 'W' Excess water - This subclass includes soils where excess water other than that brought about by inundation is a limitation to agricultural use. Excess water may result from inadequate soil drainage, a high water table, seepage or from runoff from surrounding areas. 'X' This subclass is comprised of soils having a limitation resulting from the cumulative effect of two or more adverse characteristics. For full details see 'The Canada Land Inventory, Soil Capability Classification for Agriculture' Report No. 2, 1969. 16. Accreditation The Canada Land Use Monitoring Program and Canada Land Inventory data extraction and distribution is managed by: The Canada Centre for Remote Sensing Natural Resources Canada Government of Canada Room 650 - 615 Booth Street Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0E9 Based on significant research and development by: The National Archives of Canada Statistics Canada Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Data processing completed by: Spatialanalysis Ottawa, Ontario Canada K1Y 0N3 The National Archives of Canada retains intellectual property. (Copyright) Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, 1999.